Biostimulants to increase epicuticular wax content of blueberry fruit (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Abstract

The epicuticular wax of blueberry fruit is a key quality indicator because it reduces water loss, protects against microorganisms, and extends postharvest life. Its fragility during harvest and transport is a challenge for exporting countries, where fruit must maintain its appearance for weeks. Although wax content depends on the cultivar, it can also be influenced by physiological and environmental factors. Biostimulants such as melatonin, salicylic acid, silicon, amino acids, seaweed extracts, and beneficial microorganisms offer a sustainable alternative to stimulate wax biosynthesis during preharvest, improving fruit quality, transport tolerance, and overall competitivenes